Antarctic Icefish Characteristics and Facts

Antarctic Icefish Characteristics and Facts Consistent with their name, the Antarctic Icefish lives in the frigid virus waters of the Arctic - and has frosty looking blood to coordinate. Their cool living space has given them some fascinating features.â Most creatures, similar to individuals, have red blood. The red of our blood is brought about by hemoglobin, which conveys oxygen all through our body. Icefishes dont have hemoglobin, along these lines they have a whitish, almost straightforward blood. Their gills are additionally white. In spite of this absence of hemoglobin, icefish can in any case get enough oxygen, despite the fact that researchers arent sure how - it could be on the grounds that they live in as of now oxygen-rich waters and may have the option to assimilate oxygen through their skin, or in light of the fact that they have enormous hearts and plasma which may help transport oxygen all the more without any problem. The first icefish was found in 1927 by zoologist Ditlef Rustad, who pulled up an abnormal, pale fish during an undertaking to Antarctic waters. The fish he pulled up was in the end named the blackfin icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus).â Depiction There are numerous species (33, as indicated by WoRMS) of icefish in the Family Channichthyidae. These fish all have heads that look similar to a crocodile - so they are in some cases called crocodile icefishes. They have grayish, dark or earthy colored bodies, wide pectoral blades, and two dorsal balances that are bolstered by long, adaptable spines. They can develop to a greatest length of around 30 inches.â Another genuinely special quality for icefish is that they dont have scales. This can help in their capacity to retain oxygen through the sea water.â Order Realm: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataSubphylum: VertebrataSuperclass: GnathostomataSuperclass: PiscesClass: ActinopterygiiOrder: PerciformesFamily: Channichthyidae Living space, Distribution, and Feeding Icefish occupy Antarctic and subantarctic waters in the Southern Ocean off Antarctica and southern South America. Despite the fact that they can live in waters that are just 28 degrees, these fish have liquid catalyst proteins that flow through their bodies to keep them from freezing.â Icefish dont have swim bladders, so they spend a lot of their lives on the sea base, despite the fact that they likewise have a lighter skeleton than some other fish, which permits them to swim up into the water section around evening time to catch prey. They might be found in schools. Icefish eat microscopic fish, little fish, and krill.â Preservation and Human Uses The lighter skeleton of icefish has a low mineral thickness. People with a low mineral thickness in their bone have a condition called osteopenia, which might be an antecedent to osteoporosis. Researchers study icefish to get familiar with osteoporosis in people. Icefish blood additionally gives bits of knowledge into different conditions, for example, pallor, and how bones create. The capacity of icefish to live in freezing water without freezing can likewise assist researchers with finding out about the development of ice precious stones and capacity of solidified nourishments and even organs utilized for transplant.â Mackerel icefish are gathered, and the collect is viewed as supportable. A danger to icefish, in any case, is environmental change - warming sea temperatures could decrease the territory that is reasonable for this outrageous virus water fish.

How to Write a Short Story with 11 Easy Steps for Satisfying Stories

The most effective method to Write a Short Story with 11 Easy Steps for Satisfying Stories The most effective method to Write a Short Story with 11 Easy Steps for Satisfying Stories You likely don’t think short stories are extremely difficult to write.In truth, you may be the sort who accept short stories are considerably simpler in light of the fact that, wellthey’re short.But that’s just not the case and I’ll disclose to you why in only a minute.If you need to figure out how to compose a short story, youll need to experience these fundamental steps:Know your characterOutline your short storyStart with something out of the ordinaryGet your draft done when possibleEdit your short storyTitle your short storyGet criticism about itPractice oftenWrite a short story each dayDefine your center messageWrite a delightful endingBut before we jump into these precise strategies for how to compose a short story, let’s talk regarding why any journalists ought to figure out how to create strong, enamoring short stories, regardless of whether your end composing objective is to compose full-length books or even true to life. Why All Writers Sh ould Learn How to Write a Good Short StoryThere’s significantly more to composing short stories than you may might suspect. Because they’re shorter long doesn’t mean it takes any less expertise to execute a decent one.In actuality, having the option to recount to a full story in such a short measure of time ostensibly takes more aptitude than composing a full-length novel or true to life book.That being stated, for what reason is it helpful for all authors to figure out how to compose a short story?NOTE: We spread everything in this blog entry and significantly more about the composition, promoting, and distributing process in our VIP Fiction Self-Publishing Program. Get familiar with it here#1 You gain proficiency with the expertise of showingWhen you just have a couple of pages to snare perusers, portray the character, and recount to a story, you wind up acing the ability of appearing as opposed to telling. The purpose behind this is because,in request to achi eve a fruitful and great short story, demonstrating is a significant piece of that.It’s dreadfully hard to compose an incredible short story without indicating the subtleties and utilizing solid action words to paint an away from of your character’s life.Those aptitudes will move into anything you compose, consequently making it that vastly improved. #2 You’ll reinforce individual chaptersNo matter if you’re a fiction author or on the off chance that you lean toward true to life, the thought here is the same.A section is fundamentally a short story that’s a piece of a greater entirety. The sameskills you apply to compose an extraordinary short story will likewise assist you with composing more grounded chapters.Each some portion of your book ought to be cleaned, solid, and alluring for your perusers. Utilizing short story composing strategies will assist you with accomplishing that inside your chapters.Why is composing acceptable parts significant if there’s an entire book accessible for somebody to read?Because it snares perusers and keeps them turning that page.And when perusers think back on a whole book loaded up with fantastic parts, the whole book all in all will be viewed similar to that much better.Hello, 5-star reviews!#3 It makes the story areas of your true to life book more captivatingEvery genuine book has parcels where stories must be advised so as to get the point across.This is the thing that permits individuals to identify with you as a writer, which pulls them in more profound and makes the center message of your book impact them more.But if those accounts are powerless, not elegantly composed, and dull, it’s far-fetched somebody will appreciate them as much.It’s additionally likely that your message will get lost on the grounds that the book doesnt convey the equivalent impact.How long are short stories?Short stories ought to stay underneath 7,000 words so as to be viewed as a short story. They can be as short as just one sentence, as this is known as blaze fiction.You definitely realize that short stories areshorter than your normal novel however do they have some other difference?Here’s a diagram specifying the primary contrasts in what number of words are in short stories, books, novellas, and true to life works.Type of WritingWord Count Pages in a Typical BookExampleShort story100 - 15,0001 - 24 pagesThe Gift of the Magi by O. HenryNovella30,000 - 60,000100 - 200 pagesA Clockwork Orange by Anthony BurgessNovel60,000 - 100,000200 - 350 pagesHarry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone: by JK RowlingEpic Novel120,00 - 220,000+400 - 750+ pagesGame of Thrones by George R.R. MartinAs you can see, the principle contrast is length, however that’s not all. At the point when you compose a short story, you’re just composing an effective scrap of your character’s in any case full life.You don’t need to unload your whole character’s biography in two or three hundred words so as to compose an extraordinary short story.How to Write a Short StoryIf you’re prepared to handle this road of exploratory writing or you simply need to figure out how to compose a short story to reinforce the general nature of your book, here’s how you can do that.#1 FocusonCharacterDevelopmentIn request for a sho rt story to be significant, you need to realize your character well. Having great character improvement is basic in short stories, since your characters frequently drive the story.You just have a specific measure of time to show your perusers who that individual is and you can’t do that on the off chance that you don’t even know who they are.Think about it.If you compose a short tale about your closest companion, whom you’ve known for a long time, as opposed to thinking of one about somebody you just met yesterday, you’ll have the option to make an a lot more grounded anecdote about your closest companion since you know them so well.The same goes for your anecdotal characters.You don’t need to invest a huge amount of energy in your primary character, yet know their history, age, character, family life, companion life, love life, and different subtleties that shape the manner in which somebody sees the world.Heres an example of what a character circ ular segment ordinarily resembles in a full novel:Keep as a primary concern that since your short story is, well, shorter than a novel, you may expel a couple of steps. Realizing the general character venture, nonetheless, can be useful for character advancement inside short stories.#2 OutlineThankfully, the laying out procedure for a short story is a lot simpler than a full novel, yet I do at present prompt making one so as to have a strong stream all through the story.This is unquestionably helpful for those of you who favor laying out versus simply composing by the seat of your pants.Here’s what your blueprint ought to include for a short story:The perspective you’ll useHow you’ll start the storyHow you’ll get from the earliest starting point to the principle issueWhat occurs at the â€Å"climax† (indeed, even short stories have one!)Resolution of the primary issueThe very endKeep as a primary concern that your short story can end unexpectedly o r you can tissue it out until there’s a fantastic ending.This is truly up to you as a writer to decide.Yes, even short stories need outlinesif you need them to feel total, that is.Click To Tweet#3 Start with something out of the ordinaryIn request to snare perusers with a short story, you should begin with something that’ll get someone’s consideration directly off the bat.Take Hannah Lee Kidder’s model from the video above. One of the short stories in heranthology, Little Birds, opens with a lady gathering roadkill.Odd? Indeed. Eye catching? You bet!Because we’re consequently charmed by the way that individuals don’t typically circumvent gathering roadkill.Now, you don’t need to begin your short story with something as odd as that yet you would like to give your perusers a feeling of who your character is by portraying something else immediately that additionally has to do with the center focal point of your short story.Take this shor t story called The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry, for instance. This writer begins with an exceptionally low cash sum and afterward hits you with the way that its Christmas the following day.This is strange on the grounds that numerous perusers comprehend that having such minimal expenditure (scraped up cash, at that) directly before Christmas isnt average. Its odd and furthermore hits their feelings right away.#4 Get the draft shown improvement over great. We’ve all heard or read these words over and over and that’s in light of the fact that they’re significant; they’re true.This is particularly the situation with regards to short stories. When you have your diagram and ability to begin composing, drafting the short story in full comes straightaway. Don’t stress over altering or cleaning the story up in any capacity at the present time. All things considered, you can’t conceivably make great alters until you recognize what the story resemble s in full.That would resemble coordinating your studs to your jeans without first having the full outfit set up. You don’t know whether those hoops function admirably with it until you see what else youll be wearing.It’s the equivalent for composing. Concentrate on completing your draft so you can proceed onward to the following step.#5 Edit your short storyEditing is the place the genuine enchantment happens with regards to composing. We as a whole have this thought in our psyches that we’ll get it flawless the first run through and that’s just not how composing works.Most of the time, your first draft is only the no frills of what’s to come yet through line altering, formative alters, and editing, it will change into something better.Think of the genuine composition as the wooden structure of a house and the altering as the drywall, paint, windows, light installations, entryways, and whatever else that’ll make the house complete.These are a couple of things to watch out for when altering your short story:Point of view consistencyTense Consistency with the setting of your storyWeak action words (supplant them with our rundown of solid action words discovered right here!)Showing as opposed to telling (perusers need you to show more!)Stronger imagerySpelling/punctuation/exchange The altering procedure f

Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I)

Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I) Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I) Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I)Have you got a sweet tooth and/or like to drink wine? Well then have we got a couple of Know Money, Win Money episodes for you! We went to the Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo, but with everything the  vendors there were offering, it could have been called the Chocolate and Wine and Coffee and Tea and Caramel and Jerky Expo!But for this first video, we focused on the chocolate side. Did you know that cocoa beans were used as currency in Mesoamerica? Long before they were ever brought back to Europe to be transmogrified into chocolate bars, the Mayans and Aztecs created a version of the drink we would call hot cocoa. Emperor Montezuma was such a fan, it was rumored to be all he would drink, and his favorite version was spiced with vanilla, honey, and chili pepper.But what other facts about chocolate might exist? Watch the most recent episode and find out!?Do you know which country eats the most chocolate per capita? Some of the people we asked at the expo did. And some didn’t! While we Americans might love our Hershey Kisses, British blokes and ladies can’t get enough of their Cadbury Eggs, and Uter the German exchange student from The Simpsons can barely run because he’s so full of chocolate, none of the above are the correct answer. It’s Switzerland! Which makes sense. If you’re known for your banks and your chocolates, you’re going to eat a lot of the one that’s edible.Our next question asked what the biggest chocolate company in the world is. Hershey’s probably jumps to mind. Maybe Cadbury does too. It probably helps that we mentioned both of them in the previous paragraph. What about Nestle? No, not Nestle. It’s Mars! Even if you haven’t eaten a Milky Way in a while, MMs are more popular than everâ€"if their Super Bowl ad appearances are any indication. And since Mars makes MMs, that makes them the biggest chocolate company in the world.Now brush your teeth. Know Money, Win Mo ney will be back with the wine part of the expo before  you can empty your glass!In the meantime, check out some of our other recent episodes:Episode 19:  C2E2 Avengers: Infinity WarEpisode 18: Chicago Auto Show (Part 2)Episode 17: Winter Brewfest (Part 2)Where would you like to see us go in future episodes? We want to hear from you! You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I)

Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I) Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I) Know Money, Win Money! Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo (Part I)Have you got a sweet tooth and/or like to drink wine? Well then have we got a couple of Know Money, Win Money episodes for you! We went to the Chicago Chocolate and Wine Expo, but with everything the  vendors there were offering, it could have been called the Chocolate and Wine and Coffee and Tea and Caramel and Jerky Expo!But for this first video, we focused on the chocolate side. Did you know that cocoa beans were used as currency in Mesoamerica? Long before they were ever brought back to Europe to be transmogrified into chocolate bars, the Mayans and Aztecs created a version of the drink we would call hot cocoa. Emperor Montezuma was such a fan, it was rumored to be all he would drink, and his favorite version was spiced with vanilla, honey, and chili pepper.But what other facts about chocolate might exist? Watch the most recent episode and find out!?Do you know which country eats the most chocolate per capita? Some of the people we asked at the expo did. And some didn’t! While we Americans might love our Hershey Kisses, British blokes and ladies can’t get enough of their Cadbury Eggs, and Uter the German exchange student from The Simpsons can barely run because he’s so full of chocolate, none of the above are the correct answer. It’s Switzerland! Which makes sense. If you’re known for your banks and your chocolates, you’re going to eat a lot of the one that’s edible.Our next question asked what the biggest chocolate company in the world is. Hershey’s probably jumps to mind. Maybe Cadbury does too. It probably helps that we mentioned both of them in the previous paragraph. What about Nestle? No, not Nestle. It’s Mars! Even if you haven’t eaten a Milky Way in a while, MMs are more popular than everâ€"if their Super Bowl ad appearances are any indication. And since Mars makes MMs, that makes them the biggest chocolate company in the world.Now brush your teeth. Know Money, Win Mo ney will be back with the wine part of the expo before  you can empty your glass!In the meantime, check out some of our other recent episodes:Episode 19:  C2E2 Avengers: Infinity WarEpisode 18: Chicago Auto Show (Part 2)Episode 17: Winter Brewfest (Part 2)Where would you like to see us go in future episodes? We want to hear from you! You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

The Spirit Of Creation And Culture A Framework For...

II. The Presence of the Spirit in Creation and Culture: A Framework for Exploring God’s Immanence in Culture I see that this immanent frame of the small Irish community portrayed in the movie can be compatible with the view of the creation as the locus of God’s presence. In this understanding of the world, the integrity of creation is not diminished by God’s presence, but the history of the universe becomes the history of the Triune God. In other words, the merit of this perspective is to make room for God’s transcendent presence in the world of â€Å"a closed-web of cause-effect relations,† while not violating the integrity of creation. To be specific, according to the Trinitarian panentheism, the creation,†¦show more content†¦In that sense, there is a mutual relationship between the world and God, which will culminate in the eschaton in â€Å"the mutual indwelling of God and creation.† Accordingly, this perspective can provide t he immanent frame with room to speak of the Transcendent without violating the integrity of creatures. 1. The Spirit’s Universal Immanence as a Force Field According to Pannenberg, in this perspective, the Spirit’s dynamic presence in the world is funded by contemporary interdisciplinary dialogue between theology and natural science. The universe is inherently in an open-ended process of creation, and this makes it possible to speak of the Creator who is immanent within the universe. To be precise, according to the quantum cosmology, future occurrences are not free from the indeterminacy that â€Å"stands in contrast to the past as the realm of the factual, as well as the present as the point that possibility becomes factual.† Hence, our current laws of nature are only approximations, and need to be revised when new observations are made. This means that natural laws are both originated and subject to time.† In quantum physics, indeterminacy of natural occurrences is ontological, and the outcomes of measurements can be reported only in probability terms. Yet, for Pannenberg, even though quantum cosmology could provide a venue to speak of the eternal Creatorship of God within the universe, it does not constitute a metaphor for the universal presence of the

Social Conflict and Rebellion in Lorraine Hansberrys A...

Lorraine Hansberrys play, A Raisin in the Sun, relates the story of a working-class African-American family with dreams. They are willing to rebel against the position that society has forced on them because of their race and class in order to fulfill their dreams. Walter Younger is a chauffeur who can find no peace with that part of society which seems to permit him and no entry into that which has willfully excluded him (Willie Loman 23). He wants to rise into wealth and live as his employer, Mr. Arnold, does. Walter feels as if he is going crazy at times. He tells Mama, sometimes its like I can see the future stretched out in front of me-just plain as day.... Hanging over there at the edge of my days. Just waiting for me- a†¦show more content†¦She befriends Joseph Asaigi, a Nigerian student, wears traditional Nigerian clothes, straightens her formerly permed hair, listens and dances to African music, and accuses her brother of being an assimilationist Negro (81). She has a growing interest in civil rights, about which Walter jokes: I can just see that chick someday looking down at some poor cat on an operating table and before she starts to slice into him, she says... By the way, what are your views on civil rights down there? (113) The Youngers battle in everyday revolutions without armies. Walter and Ruth, his wife, begin the play with an argument. During one such disagreement, Walter acts out his own mini-drama: Man say to his woman: I got me a dream. His woman say: Eat your eggs.... Man say: I got to take hold of this here world, Baby! And a woman will say: Eat your eggs and go to work.... Man say: I got to change my life, Im choking to death, Baby! And his woman say...: Your eggs is getting cold! (33-4) This spirit of desire for change echoes throughout the play. Lena (Mama) buys a house in Clybourne Park, a white neighborhood, so that her grandson and the baby that Ruth is expecting can grow up in a place where they will not be tempted to play in the street with dead rats. A neighbor comments, I bet by this time next month yalls names will have been in the papers plenty - NEGROES INVADE CLYBOURNE PARK - BOMBED!

The Clinic Of Helen Karkasoglou The Pediatrician And After...

Somewhere there was the clinic of Helen Karkasoglou the pediatrician and after Stavros Voutiras with his sisters, Fotika and Ntomna. There was also the painter Nikos Palaiopoulos, Anthony Karagiannidis the priest with his daughter Effie, the Christidis family with three sons, Bob, Chris the pharmacist and Byron. Stratos and Theano Alexandridis had the patisserie in Sirkeci. Then it was the house of Philip and Marika the kampouritsa (hunchback). It was there the shop of Elias Tsaliki the sompatzi (plumber). Then it was the home of Spyros Kollias the avgoulas (egg seller). The trade had so many varieties. Furriers, stonecutters, carbon sellers, gardeners. Due to the vast land and soil texture, vegetables and flowers made the village became very prospetable and with the help of boats everything had been transported quickly and in large quantities in the markets of the City. The florists boast for famous klagior, large chrysanthemums and roses in all colors. Carters, porters, town criers, peddlers, farriers, tinkers, skippers, they added their own distinct sounds in the scene of daily life. The pedlar in neighborhoods with a loaded donkey trumpeted his merchandise, singing for the alpha alpha quality products, fresh eggs and okra: bamya da bamya, taze yumurta (turkish). The kids around him, asked to sing the same verse again but to catch the tone a little more sweet azazik tatatli. This was repeated until the pedlar could not do this any longer and he perceived that

In the romantic tragedy `Romeo and Juliet` Essay Example For Students

In the romantic tragedy `Romeo and Juliet` Essay In the romantic tragedy `Romeo and Juliet` William Shakespeare uses dramatic techniques and devices to convey emotional inclines and declines, emphasise breaks and linking tensions as well as to underline the outlying plot diversification. Preceding Act 3 Scene 1 we see Romeo fall madly in love with Juliet and marry her, both showing his instinctive nature, and setting the scene for this dramatic twists soon to follow. In this way Shakespeare creates a semantic field of happiness, which he shows by the use of positive phrases, which are colourful and effervescent. This causes the audience to feel an even greater shock at the sudden change of temper and the impulsive peak in tension. We will write a custom essay on In the romantic tragedy `Romeo and Juliet` specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In Act 3 Scene 1 the attitudes of various characters is emphasised by the use of effects such as the difference between prose and verse. This enables the audience to realise a deeper understanding of the enjoining tension surrounding the varying characters. The Bard uses epic, powerful expressions such as For now these are hot days, is the mad blood stirring which acts to raise the stretched temper of the scene, building on the importance of events that he tempts you into imagining. He takes advantage of short sharp phrases such as thou art a villain to give an insistent finality to Tybalts words causing the tension to grow and demonstrating that Tybalt is set in his ways and will not change his feelings or mind set of and for Romeo. However Romeos long rambling expressions, for example Good Capulet which name I tender as dearly as my own be satisfied conversely shows that he still has doubts and is clearly trying to reassure himself as much as his cousin in law, Tybalt. As well as serving to lay bare Romeos confused perceptions of the ever-changing world around him, it demonstrates his dire wish to inform the world of his undying love for Juliet. The use of these contrasting styles of language expands the feeling of Romeo and Tybalts overflowing emotional anonymity to one and other. In Romeos words Fire eyed fury be my conduct now! we see a startling before unseen abruptness that in itself reflects upon the watching audience a great and electrifying change in the heros attitude to Tybalt. He finds his doubts well founded, which could be shown by his yelling this, or whispering whilst crying. His anger is so articulated for the audience, telling them he could be about to do anything, an act of retribution and revenge upon Tybalt, or even upon his self. When Benvolio recounts the actions of the day he uses cold direct words (piercing steel deadly point to point) it is completely antithetical to his previously non-violent idealistic out look (I pray thee good Mercutio) which would have been subtle and serenely spoken. This illuminates the truth that it was an intense high-strung battle this forces a tensional inclineà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ leaving the rapt audience wondering what will happen. This is evidence for his pro-governmental attitude of abhorrence for the anarchic br awls which are the progeny of the linking rivalry between the competing Capulet and Montague families. With the vile murder of good Mercutio, Shakespeare strikes a sudden and unexpected discord in the minds of the audience and as the only humorous character is exterminated the performance takes on a more sinister outlook, giving the audience a sense of foreboding, as they realise that tragic events will follow. Irony is brought into play upon the words for blood of ours, shed blood of Montague, because whereas Romeo is Montague his blood is shared with a beautiful Capulet; Juliet. This also emphasises that the hate will strain even his love for his wife Juliet. The Elizabethan audiences subconscious pre-emptive vision of the plays theatrical direction is so proven by the princes words we do exile him hence. These words on the proviso of being spoken icily and unemotionally would show that the prince is unbiased, but is upset and trying to hide his feelings because he wants to be just and reasonable. He defends his non-violent approach by deciding upon a punishment that does not favour either family, Capulet nor Montague and also does not cause further loss of life. His attitude suggests to the audience that Tybalt is not evil and that they are all to blame, from servant girls to the father of the house. .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 , .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .postImageUrl , .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 , .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:hover , .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:visited , .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:active { border:0!important; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:active , .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108 .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4131ff4d0fec138942b18bb5e151e108:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The electric drama EssayBenvolios pacifist nature comes out again in the whole of line 123 to 126. Here we are shown that Benvolio is panicked because, despite his hatred for violence and the feud, his fierce undying loyalty to his friends Romeo and Mercutio prevails. In his first words to prince he plays down Romeos responsibility by saying young Romeo hence implying that he is juvenile (which suggests that he is too young to have duty to the state, and that his crimes were committed without a proper idea of good and evil). He then goes on to portray the late Mercutio in a good light brave Mercutio so entailing that Tybalt committed a grave crime against a good man. In turn this puts a light on the idea that either he believes or simply wants to convince Prince that Romeo didnt do wrong and that Tybalt was evil. When Lady Capulet returns upon this (lines 137-141) she uses short repetitive words schemes and sentences to portray the shock and anger over Tybalts (in her eyes) meaningless death. To realise this fully you only have to look at the lines O prince. O husband. O the blood is spilled. This melodramatic phrase shows that she is partly unconvinced and eager for Romeos death only from revenge not reason, and that she is desperate to clear the family name more than Tybalts. When the watching audience learn of Romeos banishment we reach a full realisation of the impending tragedy that awaits the star crossed lovers. The audience now sees what Whole misadventured piteous overthrows signifies, and are anticipating the final misfortune that will end the feud, of which they have been forewarned in the almost prophetic wordsWhich, but their childrens end, nought could remove. So Shakespeare has managed to shock the audience, whilst showing of his consistency (each event that happens helps us understand better the prologue) and his overawing skill as one of our counties wordsmiths. This holds true despite the fact that he is not the for the most part the best in terms of enjoyment in the contemporary epoch.

Hell Essays - Christian Philosophy, Hell, Free Will In Theology, Sin

Hell Hell In his sermon, On the Eternity of Hells Torments, Jonathan Edwards argues that eternal punishment for sin is justified. He observes every aspect of God, sin, and hell and attempts to present a logical explanation of scripture. I will take a similar approach and refute the idea that eternal punishment for sin is justified with particular focus on his representation of eternity, perfection, and justice. Jonathan Edwardss argument is as follows: Mankinds obligation to honor, obey, and love god is infinite and sin which violates this obligation, is a violation of infinite obligation, and is therefore an infinite evil. The evil of sin is infinite; consequently infinite retribution is a proportional punishment. To coincide with gods infinite nature, God should hate sin and opposite it infinitely. Sin as proven before is an infinite evil and God should express infinite hatred towards this evil. The expression of this hatred is punishment for this sin, which itself is infinitely evil and should therefore be punished infinitely. Sin against an infinite God incurs infinite demerit. Sin is refusal of our infinite obligation to obey God so it incurs an infinite demerit. Gods justice is understood retributively. God has granted human beings free will and each individual is accountable for his or her actions. Just as each individual is rewarded for positive actions they should be equally punish ed for their negative actions. Therefore it is in absolute fairness to those who avoid sin and granted an infinite heaven that sinners be punished and granted an infinite hell. Eternal punishment is everlasting or absolutely without end. Edwards states that infinite also means eternal and loosely interprets scripture but never makes the full connection. Edwards cites the words forever, and eternity but never in relation to the infinite punishment that is promised to sinners. Edwards states that hell is infinite conscious torment because if sin was committed against an infinite God then the fitting retributive punishment is justifiably infinite. Thus sin deserves infinite conscious torment. The punishment will occur in a manner that allows individuals to be sensible of the punishment they are receiving and that god has upheld and executed his threat. They will understand that justice has taken place upon them and they will be sensible of their guilt as a result. Those punished are said to weep, wail, and gnash their teeth which implies not only real existence, but life, knowledge, and activity, and that they are in a very sensible and exquisite manner affect ed with their punishment (Edwards 5). Logically I contend that infinite punishment does not necessarily mean everlasting, but rather a very long duration of torment such that the torment is at an extremely high level. Punishment can be infinite in its intensity and still finite in its duration. Infinite punishment is more consistent with the punishment God has bestowed upon mankind in scripture. The great flood of immeasurable rainfall used to punish the people of Noah lasted only a few days but was of infinite proportion to typical rainfall. If past examples illustrate the infinite punishment of God, and there is no indication of eternal punishment upon man in the past, then it is more logical to assume that God will punish mankind with infinite and not eternal punishment as he has done in the past and therefore the two cannot be one in the same. A flame of infinite intensity does not need to last eternally nor does one need eternal torment in this flame to be punished for his sins. Edwards clearly states that sinners w ill remain in a state that allows them to be conscious of the torture they are receiving and feel guilt. In this state only a definite amount of time is necessary to punish an individual who feels guilt, which acknowledges the individuals accountability for their actions. A feeling of guilt can only occur when one feels they have done something wrong, otherwise they would only feel regret, anger, or sadness. Gods infinite mercy is broken if he can not forgive an individual after a duration of time, after all the individual only sinned or disobeyed god for a finite period of time. This would allow an individual to be held accountable for his

The eNotes Blog eNotes Book ClubWater

Book ClubWater For this installment of our book club series, we chose the theme of â€Å"water.† If youre looking for stories that capture the fluidity of life and the beauty of nature, read on! â€Å"Tenth of December† by George Saunders Having just finished Lincoln in the Bardo, Id been wanting to read more stories by George Saunders. So, once we settled on the theme of â€Å"Water,† I grabbed the office copy of Tenth of December, opened to the titular short story, saw the mention of a pond, and away we went. Saunders prose style imitates the flow of thought in novel ways, revealing emotion and humor through wordplay, syntax variations, and point of view. In brief, Tenth of December is set in a park during winter and tells the story of a young boy and a middle-aged man who manage to help each other through their respective crises. While a few of us thought parts of the story were almost too sad, the group all felt the power of this emotional read. Its still unclear to us just how his writing had us suddenly full of tears right after belly laughing- and then back again. We found the style dazzling, the tone fascinating, and the way Saunders writes feeling as distinctly human. All in all, this piece- or another of his (yes, please read Fox 8)- is definitely worth reading. - Wes â€Å"A Guide to Sirens† by Lee Conell In response to this prompt, my first urge was to find a mermaid story. When that search brought up nothing but children’s stories, I tried â€Å"underwater.† Then â€Å"rain.† Then â€Å"beach.† I was dismayed and frustrated to find that my broad, atmospheric search terms were bringing up short stories focusing on failed marriages and/or divorced couples. Which is why, in my frustration, I was glad to find â€Å"A Guide to Sirens.† Though the story is (inevitably) about a divorced man, it seems to poke fun at the tired trope of failed love by introducing a semi-supernatural element to the mix. We enjoyed theorizing about the story: Is our protagonist led to his death by a siren? Is it an exploration of a depressed man’s imagination? Or, digging a little deeper, is â€Å"A Guide to Sirens† the story of this man’s suicide? As much as we enjoyed discussing our theories and predictions, we didn’t love Conell’s writing. Many of us felt her stiff, wordy language tries too hard and says more than needed; one of us described her language choice as â€Å"fake deep.† The dialogue is clunky, the characters surface-level, and overall, we felt Conell’s story lacks direction. â€Å"A Guide to Sirens† is a quick read, but don’t expect to be blown away by the prose. - Kate â€Å"A Perfect Day for Bananafish† by J. D. Salinger â€Å"A Perfect Day for Bananafish† is the first story in J. D. Salinger’s Nine Stories collection and is easily his most famous short story. I assigned this after reading Kate’s pick since both stories’ setting and mood had interesting parallels for us to explore. In â€Å"Bananafish,† we meet Muriel Glass as she’s on the phone with her mother, hiding from the Florida sun in her hotel room. While they discuss Muriel’s husband, Seymour, you get a sense of looming drama and foreboding regarding his disturbing actions, past and present, and mental state. We then find ourselves lounging with Seymour in a robe on the beach. He goes for a dip in the ocean with Sybil, a young girl, where the title of the piece is revealed on their hunt for Bananafish. After Sybil says she spots one, Seymour kisses her feet and abruptly leaves for his hotel room, where he shoots himself in the head with a pistol. This was the first read through for the group, and I was so excited to share it with them. A member praised this story as a â€Å"masterclass in showing not telling† due to the tight, believable dialogue- especially the opening scene with Muriel and her mother. â€Å"Bananafish† is one of those stories that gives and gives the more and more you look, with a variety of at-times paradoxical opinions and takeaways from the story. With so many discussion possibilities, takes, and interpretations, I can’t recommend this story more for your classroom or next book club. - Sam A Quartet of American Nature Writers As we discussed the topic of water, I became interested in the ways water has been depicted in prose. For my selection, I found myself drawn to works that combine linguistic exuberance with exposition. The first piece I chose was the opening of Rachel Carson’s The Sea Around Us. She brings to her writing on marine topics a keen attention to the conclusions of science elevated by a grand, almost biblical tone: â€Å"Beginning are apt to be shadowy, and so it is with the beginnings of that great mother life, the sea.† Her fascination with origins lends the piece an awe-inspiring scope. Next, I selected chapter 58 of Herman Melvilles Moby-Dick. Although fictional, Moby-Dick so often verges into expository tangents on marine matters that I deemed its inclusion warranted- even necessary, given its influence on American letters. As the Pequot glides through the Indian Ocean, Ishmael evokes the oft-forgotten horrors of the sea: â€Å"Baby man may brag of his science and skill†¦ yet forever and ever, to the crack of doom, the sea will insult and murder him.† Henry David Thoreau’s Walden offers a more placid view of water, particularly in the chapter â€Å"The Ponds.† In clear, sensuous prose, Thoreau tells of the joys of Walden Pond, such as â€Å"fishing from a boat by moonlight, serenaded by foxes and owls.† Thoreau describes the night sky’s reflection the dark water, which makes his fishing line appear to glide upward, in the direction of his thoughts, â€Å"to vast and cosmogony themes in other spheres.† Finally, I chose a passage from Ann Zwinger’s Run, River, Run. Zwinger, like Thoreau, foregoes generality in favor of specificity. Her book centers on the Green River, which flows through Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. Zwinger describes the river in prose that ranges from sharp observation to breathless awe to wry humor- the last of which can be seen in her description of the river’s confluence with the Colorado River: â€Å"There by Congressional proclamation, having fallen over 9,000 feet in 730 miles, the Green River ends.† - Zack â€Å"The Daughter Cells† by Daniel Mallory Ortberg I’ve been a huge fan of Ortberg’s writing since his days at The Toast and was thrilled with the opportunity to subject the bookclub to him. An immediately appealing aspect of â€Å"The Daughter Cells† is its unique approach to â€Å"water†- Ortberg’s underwater society is practical and utilitarian, and the literal liquidity of its borders is used to contextualize ideas of personal property rather than to describe the mystery and romance usually associated with mermaids. But, then, the heroine isn’t really a mermaid. â€Å"The Daughter Cells† is similar to Hans Christian Andersen’s â€Å"The Little Mermaid,† but it easily stands alone. It reads like a straightforward story told by an impatient older sibling; the depth of its world-building and the complexity of its themes seemed to sneak up on us. But once group discussion began, it felt like we could talk about this story for hours. Through the culture of his underwater society, Ortberg explores definitions of individuality, the confusion of necessary and unnecessary suffering, and the varying roles offered through different relationships. We enjoyed the multiple angles from which these topics were approached and the narrator’s colloquial- though somewhat condescending- relationship with the reader. And while there are places where the narrative voice is perhaps a bit much, there’s still the plain fun of Ortberg’s approach. For example, his heroine’s interaction with her unconscious prince on the beach seems hardly the stuff of fairy tales: She had never seen anyone who lived above water so placid before. It seemed eminently sensible, and so she decided to love him for it. She was delighted that she had been away from home less than a day and already she had found something useful to do. It’s just delightful. Our entire group found a lot to engage with, and everyone enjoyed the read, so we can recommend this one wholeheartedly. - Caitlin â€Å"Brawler† by Lauren Groff After hearing stories of oceans, lakes, and ponds, Lauren Groff’s â€Å"Brawler† took our book club to a different setting of water- a pool. I can only describe the short story from The New Yorker as a coming-of-age snapshot. Though the story lacks a plot, it effectively evokes feeling. It’s one of those reads that may be best to just let it wash over you and take from it what you will. We are introduced to Sara as she’s arriving late to a diving meet, knuckles bloodied from a fight she had with a boy in her class. Through a series of actions and flashbacks, we learn Sara doesn’t have many friends, often gets into trouble, and has assumed the role of a caretaker at home. The theme and imagery of water is flows throughout this entire story. Water is the place where Sara finds solace. It’s associated with the memory of her father, it’s where she excels as a diver, and it’s the only place where she can feel weightless. Our discussion sparked concerns for what will become of Sara. Some of us felt that she’ll figure it out, because of her strong will and independence. Others felt concern about the lack of guidance and support she receives at home, thus making her gravitate toward men who give her attention. Ultimately, we decided that Sara recognizes that she’s transitioning into womanhood, perhaps both physically and emotionally. Regardless of what that transition will bring, we feel confident she’ll survive anything because she is a â€Å"brawler.† - Savannah

Creating Your Dream Job Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Creating Your Dream Job - Essay Example I would be provided with the opportunity of developing the portfolio of my responsibilities and aligning it with the needs and requirements of the business from the long term perspectives. Primary objectives to be fulfilled are as follows: Developing and executing financial strategies that would enable the organization to establish a foothold in the finance sector. Developing and executing strategies for business development. Establishing a strategic approach for the organization. Compensation and Benefits plan for the desired job Current Basic Pay $ 36500 Incentive Compensation $ 4000 Advance benefit dollars for the year 2013 $ 5500 Annual contribution for various other benefits $ 5500 Total Compensation and Benefits for 2013 $ 51500 This is the compensation and benefit structure of the desired job designation in the organization. Various other benefits are RISP (i.e. Retirement Incentive Savings Plan), STD (i.e. Short Term Disability), State Disability Insurance (SDI), Unemployment Insurance & Workers Compensation and Educational Reimbursement. The compensation package is the sum total of both direct and indirect benefits which the employees receive from an organization. The example of benefits generally includes salary, bonus, allowance, insurance, commission and pension plans. The compensation package provides ideas to the employees related to the entire payment structure (Rao, 2007). It does not deal with only hourly wages or salaries. The compensation and benefits plan presented to the employees include the basic salary, an idea about the bonus structure and various other benefits that an organization would provide to the employees. A thorough research has been done before preparing the compensation and benefits plan. The structure has been followed on the industry basis. Rationale behind choosing the Compensation and Benefits Package The employers offer comprehensive employee benefit package for attracting and retaining the employees. Every organization offers wide compensation and benefits package to the employees. Within the functioning of human resource, determination of whether the compensation and benefits strategy is aligned with the objectives, goals and strategies of the organization is an important factor (Leonard, 1994). The efficiency in these types of programs is always assessed by the effect it has on organizational performance as well as the limit till which it supports the potential talent strategy. Along with high efficiency, the compensation and benefit programs should have always increased the perceived value for all the employees of the organization. It enhances the individual performance which automatically increases the performance level of the organization. Thus, compensation and benefits package motivate the employees in a number of ways. The aforementioned compensation and benefits package includes incentives and a number of added benefits in order to provide a high perceived value to all the employees. Perf ormance Appraisal Plan One of the best methods of performance evaluation and performance appraisal is 360 degree feedback. It is also termed as the multi-source feedback, multi-rater feedback or the multi-source assessment. It is actually the feedback that is obtained from the immediate working circle of the employees. 360 degree feedback generally includes collecting direct feedback from the subordinates, supervisors and peers of the employees along with self

Health community promotion project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health community promotion project - Assignment Example SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS: Regarding social indicator, children who attend attended the lecture about nutrition education, about healthy food were in different economical level, and were both boys and girls. They look alike in normal weight, active and love to play indoor games such as video games and as I saw, they like to play football, run on the playground of North light community service or go to the river down to draw in the company of the teacher of art. To improve children health, we have to assess, plan, implement and evaluate the result to know the level of our goals reached. HEALTH SYSTEMS & SERVICES Children in this age bracket require health systems are within their proximity and should very much concentrate of health care than treatment. Such hospitals include Roxborough Hospital, Lankenau, Chestnut Hill Hospital and Mercy Health Systems. POLITICAL SYSTEM 4th District Councilman Curtis Jones and Mayor Micheal Nutter VITAL STATISTICS Marriage rate: Male- 15.5/1000 vs. Femal e 14.3/1000. Married 984. Divorce rate: Male 7.7/1000 vs. Female 7.4/1000 Divorced or separated 318. HEALTH RELATED BEHAVIORS: The assessment of child health related behavior was possible because of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire, which is a screening measure for identifying children’s behavioral and emotional problems for at least six previous months. There were 25 items in the measure, which addressed five factors like conduct problems, hyperactivity, pro-social behavior and emotional symptoms as well as peer problems. Five items helped assess the impact of aspect problems of children’s life. The reactions of parents depend on what their children options. INTERRELATIONSHIP: From the research data, the figures clearly suggest that the economy is very good. This means that the lower would be on the low end of middle class or the upper end of lower class. (Northlight Community Center, 2013) the white neighborhood have many second and third generation immig rants accounting for the bulk of the older generation and young professionals coming together into the mix with the median age being 7 to 8 years. The target chosen for the teaching is children between the age of seven and eight attending an after school program at Northlight Community Center in Manayunk. There are possible assumptions that the children are attending the after school program because both the mother and father are working. With regard to religion, multiple churches account for a faith based population (Northlight Community Center, 2013). KID PROGRAMS There is Assessing children’s knowledge about healthy food by asking questions about their favorite color to connect it with Veggies or fruits. There is correct misunderstanding view about food and our projects Congratulate small positive steps. STRENGH OF THE POPULATION: The primary strengths and risk factors of children aged between seven and 8 years include being easy to adapt and replace ideas as well as stron g influence to their parents. They easily replace their ideas due to peer pressure and peer perception in school groups. The children under the 8 has some information about food, our project therefore needs to confirm the good information about healthy food used to make strong basic based on their information. At this age, children easily like and eat

Review The Tennessee Valley Authority And Its Consequences History Essay

Review The Tennessee Valley Authority And Its Consequences History Essay When it was established in 1933, the Tennessee Valley Authority was an extremely controversial organization. As part of Roosevelts New Deal and his first hundred days, in which he initiated many new programs to jump start the nations economy and put people back to work, the TVA was charged with the responsibility of providing electricity, improving infrastructure, and enhancing the quality of life of the deeply depressed people living in the Tennessee Valley. During the Great Depression, those populating this area resided in log cabins, with only the bare essentials needed to survive, and sometimes less. Their objectives of electrifying rural America came into direct conflict with the capitalistic ambitions of private utility companies. Also, in order to accomplish their goals of improving the Tennessee Valleys waterways for transportation meant building dams and man-made lakes, displacing thousands of locals who had inhabited the area for hundreds of years. This operation not only i nvolved relocating families to their new homes, which was met with an exceptional amount of resistance, but exhuming the thousands of graves and reburying them at new sites. However, although the work done by the TVA in this area was sometimes flawed, and hated by many people in which the program aimed to help, the organization helped to bring modern commodities to a region that had been devastated by the economic crisis of the Great Depression. The Tennessee Valley During the Depression The area surrounding the prospective site for Norris Dam had been settled for the past two hundred years and, like much of Americas farmland further west, the land showed signs of exhaustion by farmers who did not consider the long term effects of over farming. Prior to the Depression, many young men and women from the Tennessee Valley would move away from the area to their own farms or to new cities of an increasingly industrialized Midwest. However, when tough economic times hit the American people during the Great Depression, many of those who had left to begin their own lives returned home to the safety and the familiar surroundings of their Tennessee homes. In the years between 1930 and 1935, the Tennessee Valley saw an increase in the areas population, which made living off what little the land provided even more difficult than before.  [1]   Farmers in the Tennessee Valley primarily raised corn for their animals and livestock while raising other crops for personal consumption. Tobacco was also raised to bring in a source of revenue, providing farmers with something they could sell in order to buy things they could not make or grow at home. Farming primarily for ones own personal use, called subsistence farming, was a way of life in the Tennessee Valley which allowed for very few luxuries to the people which lived there. The 3500 farming families in the area which would be flooded by the Norris Dam included both property owners and tenant farmers, or farmers who grew cash crops like tobacco on another persons land in exchange for a place to live. Living conditions in the Tennessee Valley were extremely difficult for both of these groups. Even during the most prosperous of times, there was not nearly enough money gained by way of local taxes to provide for adequate public schools, health services, or road construction.   [2]   Founding of the Tennessee Valley Authority One of the TVAs primary objectives was to improve infrastructure and the ability to transport goods through the Tennessee Valley through the use of its rivers and other waterways. This was particularly the case with an area of the Tennessee valley known as Muscle Shoals, Alabama, where the Tennessee River falls 140 feet in elevation over about thirty miles. This dramatic drop in altitude produced the rapids or shoals that the area received its named for, and made it extremely difficult for ships to go through and travel up further the Tennessee River. In 1916 the federal government gained ownership of the region and began drawing up plans to build a dam there. The proposed dam was intended to produce electricity which was needed to manufacture explosives for the war effort. However, the First World War ended before the sites could be completed and utilized. During the next few years, the government debated over what should be done with the area. Some members of Congress argued that t he dam should be sold to private organizations. Senator  George W. Norris  from Nebraska, on the other hand, argued that the public should retain control over the area. Norris had attempted several times to initiate bills for the federal development of the region. However, they were all defeated by Republican administrations who saw no advantages to retaining the area. With the onset of the Great Depression, Americans viewed government economic intervention in the public interest much more favorably. The newly elected President Roosevelt, who had a previous interest in regional planning, conservation, and planning, supported Norris proposal to develop the Tennessee River Valley.  [3]   On the 18th of May, 1933 Roosevelt signed the Tennessee Valley Authority Act as part of his first 100 days. The objectives of the TVA was to improve transportation along the Tennessee River, provide methods for flood control, plan reforestation, improve the quality of the poor farm lands, aid in industrial and agricultural development, and assist in the national defense effort with the development of government owned phosphorus and nitrate manufacturing sites at Muscle Shoals. Although almost ninety percent of those living in urban areas had electricity by the 1930s, this was only true for ten percent of people living in rural areas. Private electricity companies, who were the primary suppliers of electric power to the nations consumers, insisted that it would be too expensive to build electric lines to small, isolated rural farmsteads. They also argued that most farmers would not even be able to afford electricity in the event that they were provided the opportunity. Roosevelt and his administration held the belief that if private electricity companies could not or would not supply electric power to the American people, then it was the responsibility of the federal government to do it. In 1935, the Rural Electric Administration was established to electrify to rural areas such as the Tennessee Valley. In his 1935 article Electrifying the Countryside, the head of the REA, Morris Cooke, stated that: Though rural power uses of electricity began thirty-five years ago on an irrigated farm in California, the 1930 Census showed that only one tenth of American farms had central station service. One of the barriers to the development of farm electrification has been the rural line extension policy of many of the utilities. The power company has persisted in regarding the farmer not as a potential power customer, but as a small domestic consumer.  [4]   By the start of 1939 the REA had assisted in establishing several hundred rural electric cooperatives, which provided services to about 300,000 homes. Rural households with electricity had risen to twenty-five percent. Furthermore, the acts of the REA motivated private power companies to provide electricity to the countryside as well. When farmers did finally receive electric power, they helped to support local merchants by purchasing electric appliances. As in turned out, farmers generally required more energy than those living in the city, which helped to balance the extra expenses on the part of the electric companies in bringing power lines to the rural areas. The Tennessee Valley Authority established the Electric Home and Farm Authority to assist farmers in purchasing major electric appliances. The EHFA made special arrangements with appliance manufacturers to provide electric ranges, water heaters, and refrigerators at prices most farmers could afford. The new appliances were sold at local electric cooperatives and utility companies. It was here that a farmer could purchase appliances with loans offered by the EHFA, who provided these loans with low-cost financing.  [5]   Electrification of rural land was based on the idea that affordable electricity would help to improve the standard of living and the economic independence of the traditional family farm. But electricity alone was not nearly enough to put a stop the hardships being faced by Americas farm communities. Furthermore, it did not stop the migration of rural farmers from the country to the city, or did the shrinking of the total number of family owned farms. Opposition to the TVA There were many people who opposed the TVA and the federal governments participation in developing electric power in rural areas, in particular utility companies who thought that the government had an unfair advantage when competing with private companies. Also, some members of the Congress who didnt believe the government should have the right to influence the economy, thought that the TVA was a potentially dangerous program which would bring the United States just that much closer to socialism.  [6]  Others believed that rural farmers did not have the knowledge or skills needed to maintain and support local electric companies.  [7]   The most powerful opposition to the Tennessee Valley Authority came from power companies, who found it hard to compete with the cheaper energy provided through the TVA, and they saw it as a danger to private development. They argued that the federal governments participation in the electricity industry was unconstitutional. The attack on the TVA was led by future presidential candidate Wendell Willkie, then president of the large power utility company Commonwealth Southern Company. During the 1930s, many court cases were brought against the TVA. The Alabama Power Company presented a lawsuit against the TVA that made it all the way to the Supreme Court. They argued that by entering into the electricity industry, the federal government had surpassed its Constitutional powers. However, there attempts proved unsuccessful. In February of 1936, the Supreme Court came to the decision that the TVA had the right and authority to produce power at Wilson Dam as well as to sell and distribute that electricity. In 1939 the Court again maintained the constitutionality of the Tennessee Valley Authority.  [8]   Consequences of the TVA The TVA was established in part to improve the standard of living in an region which was home to three-and-a-half million people. When Norris Dam was constructed, it submerged an space of 239 square acres where about 3,500 families resided. The Act establishing the TVA gave it the authority to exercise the right of  eminent domain, and in the purchase of any real estate or the condemnation of real estate by condemnation proceedings, the title to such real estate.  [9]   Even though the TVA had been established for the purpose of improving the living conditions of the people living in the Tennessee Valley, the federal government neglected to offer much of any assistance in resettling the displaced families of the Norris Basin. In this area, farm owners were supplied with cash settlements for their property and were given help in the search for a new home. Tenants, who merely worked on the land but did not own it, received no payment at all. The Norris Basin had been home for thousands of families for centuries. Generations of people had been buried there. In addition to relocating all of the areas living population, all of the regions dead had to be exhumed from their graves and reburied in places outside the reach of the lakes created by the Norris dam. For both the farm families and the TVA workers alike, this process was extremely difficult.  [10]   Some of the families displaced by the Norris Dam benefited from the work of the TVA. Many people saw that their new homes were nicer and more comfortable than their old log cabin ones. Additionally, approximately one out of five had a member of their family who was employed by the TVA. However, sixty percent of the relocated families were relocated to new homes within the Norris Basin, which, even after the efforts of the TVA, continued to be a region prone to the same kind of problems of bad farming conditions and overpopulation and which had been a source of trouble from them prior. Similarly to other planned communities developed during FDRs New Deal, the small town of Norris was initially supposed to be a great display for the electrification of rural America and city planning. Many people believed that Norris would be the perfect home for those displaced people from the Norris Basin. However, the construction workers who came to the area in order to build the Norris Dam also needed a place to stay. Because of this, Norris originally functioned as temporary housing for the TVA workers and their families, while the residents of the Norris Basin were forced to find other accommodations, often times in areas just as poverty-stricken as where they had come from.  [11]   The idea that Norris would become a model American town was a mistaken one from the start. TVA authorities made regulations excluding African-American families from living in the town. They argued that these measures were taken in order to conform to the traditions and customs of the region. However, black leaders were quick to point out that impoverished white and black families had lived and worked together in the mountains and valleys of the basin for many years prior to the arrival of the TVA. During the 1930s, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People coordinated three separate investigations of Tennessee Valley Authority for racial discrimination in the housing and hiring of African-Americans. A man named Arthur Morgan, who was very interested in community planning, imagined Norris as a self-sustaining community of people who involved themselves in small, local cooperative industries. Early in the development of Norris, some cooperative businesses were established. These included canneries, creameries, and poultry farms. The communitys public school became a focal point of of community activity. Educational classes were given to children as well as adults, and for the town people themselves and for the farming families from the surrounding communities. However, despite Morgans ambition and noble goals for the town, living in Norris was operated much like any other company town. The TVA managed almost every aspect of activity in Norris. Everything from the towns gas station to its cafeteria was operated by the TVA.  [12]   When the dam was finished, the construction workers left Norris. Working professionals who were employed by TVA or in nearby Knoxville saw Norris as a practical alternative to life in the city, and the town slowly transformed into a white collar suburb of Knoxville. As the towns inhabitants became more affluent, and were required to travel to jobs which were outside of Norris, the cooperative organizations and many of the community driven activities diminished. In 1948, the government sold the town to a private corporation, who in turn resold the individual lots to the residents. The TVA made many advancements to the Tennessee Valley in terms of infrastructure, and the quality of life for the majority of the areas residents. This region was one of the hardest hit by the Great Depression. The majority of Americans living in rural areas were living without electricity at the start of the 1930s. Private utility companies were unwilling to spend the money needed to reach these rural communities with their power lines. As part of his attempt to bring the United States out of the Depression and into the modern era, Franklin Roosevelt initiated many new work programs, including the TVA. Unfortunately, these advancements sometimes came with sacrifice for those residents, in particular the displaced families of the Norris Basin. However, without these sacrifices, it may not have been possible for the people living in Tennessee Valley to improve their living conditions.

Essay --

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept of Perfusion. Perfusion refers to the flow of blood through arteries and capillaries delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing cellular waste products. Perfusion is a normal physiologic process that requires the heart to generate adequate cardiac output to transport blood through blood vessels for distribution in the tissues throughout the body. The essential function of the cardiovascular system and pulmonary systems is to provide a continuous supply of oxygenated blood to every cell in the body (Pearson, 2010). Background Information The clinical experience used to illustrate the concept of Perfusion as it relates to a 74-year old female client who lives with her son and daughter-in-law. The patient was admitted to the hospital on February 5, 2014, with a history of hypertension and atrial fibrillation (On Coumadin) and presented with an acute left middle cerebral artery territory stroke. The client was treated on the telemetry unit for observation with active atrial fibrillation. The patient’s experience relates to the concept of Perfusion since blood clots may interfere with adequate blood flow. Ischemic stroke is a sudden loss of function resulting from disruption of the blood supply to a part of the brain (Brunner and Suddarth, 2010). The presence of partial blockage of the blood vessel can be due to vasoconstriction, platelet adherence, or fat accumulation and therefore decreases elasticity of vessel wall leading to alteration of blood perfusion with the initiation of the clotting sequence. This may later lead to the development of thrombus which can be loosened and dislodged in some areas of the brain such as mid cerebral carotid artery th... ...tracranial pressure from brain edema. Interventions include administering osmotic diuretics, maintaining partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and positioning to avoid hypoxia. Other treatment measures include elevating the head of the bed to promote venous drainage and to lower ICP. Oxygen should be provided as needed, and the patient should be placed on seizure precautions. The patient should be positioned with the head of the bead at 30 degrees to avoid aspiration. Safety measures must be in place. The patient should remain NPO until a swallow evaluation is performed. Nursing management also includes monitoring body temperature with a goal of maintaining a normal temperature and normal fluid balance, along with stabilizing blood sugars. The nursing process in caring for clients who have suffered a CVA and treated with anticoagulants is as follows:

How to Illustrate the Plate Tectonic Theory Essay

The Plate Tectonic Theory mainly revolves in the idea that the Earth’s crust was made up of rigid and thin plates that are in motion relative to each other. The theory was first proposed during the 1960 and was later on developed by other scientists and geologists to fully explain the logic behind the formation of continents and oceans, as well as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. Two of the proponents helped in the development of the theory were Alfred Wegener and Arthur Holmes. Wegener was the first to observe the relationship between the shapes of the seven continents. He saw that their shapes fit together, as if they were pieces from a jigsaw puzzle. From here, he built up the continental drift theory, saying that the before, continents were just a mass of a large land, or simply a plate. This landmass drifted apart and turned to smaller parts—the seven continents. However, Wegener had nothing to support the theory, until the day Arthur Holmes suggested his of convection currents. According to Holmes, certain convection cells were the components of the Earth’s mantle. These convection cells are the responsible for the movements of the Earth’s crust through the radioactive heat they dissipate. Because of his discovery, Wegener’s theory was given support and proved to be true. However, how could we really imagine the process behind Plate tectonic? To better illustrate how the Earth’s crust move, an example using a pot of water could be used. Let us assume that the pot of water is the Earth’s mantle. If we would boil the pot of the water, heat would be produced. Let us imagine this heat as the convection cells composing the Earth’s mantle. Through the heat, the pot of water suddenly emits a great amount of energy that could move a material near it. The movements could be divergent, convergent, or transform. In divergent boundaries, the plates are sliding apart from one another. In convergent, though, the two plates are sliding towards one another. Finally, transform boundaries occur when the plates are grinding past one another.

The Cyanamid test - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1562 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Interim (a.k.a. interlocutory) prohibitory injunction is a court order that forbids the person it is addressed to do something. It is an equitable remedy and is awarded at the discretion of the court. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Cyanamid test" essay for you Create order The famous guidelines for granting the interim injunctions by the court were introduced by Lord Diplock in the case of American Cyanamid Co v Ethicon Ltd[1] (hereinafter the Cyanamid test). The above case concerned the claimant, a US company marketing synthetic surgical sutures, which was finally granted an injunction by the House of Lords to restrain the defendant, an English company, which invented a similar product, from infringing its patent rights. This work aims to analyse the argument that the Cyanamid test is too rigid prompting the courts to create a number of exceptions. The Cyanamid test Lord Diplock introduced the following elements of the Cyanamid test to be satisfied in order for the court to grant interim prohibitory injunction[2]: Serious questions to be tried Firstly, the claimant is required to show to the court that its claim has substance, i.e. that it is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an issue for which there is some supporting material and the outcome of which is uncertainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [3] rather than a frivolous claim[4]. Adequacy of damages If the first element is satisfied, the court will then look into whether the damages awarded to the claimant or to the defendant, if the latter wins, are adequate to do justice (Garden Cottage Foods Ltd Milk Marketing Board[5]). Where damage is hard to quantify or in the case of irreparable harm, the injunction is likely to be granted (Allen v Jambo Holdings Ltd[6]). Balance of convenience If there are any doubts regarding the adequacy of damages, the balance of convenience will be looked at by the court à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“balancingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  all other issues specific to the case. Subsequent treatment of the Cyanamid test The decision in the Cyanamid case caused some turbulence in the subsequent court decision making. However, before proceeding with analysis of the same, it is essential to note that the Cyanamid test comes into a conflict with earlier Beecham Group Ltd Bristol Laboratories Pty Ltd[7], where the court emphasised that for the injunction to be granted, firstly, the claimant must establish à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“prima facie caseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , i.e. that the claimant is actually entitled to the right he is claiming and, secondly, the proof of the probability of success was required, which is overall a much tougher test to satisfy than the Cyanamid test. Subsequently, the Cyanamid test was closely followed by the courts in a number of cases, such as Alfred Dunhill Ltd v Sunoptics[8], where Browne LJ stated that Lord Diplockà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s decision was binding and that the Cyanamid test should be followed. The court in Thomas Marshall (Exports) Ltd v Guinle[9] followed the Cyanamid test as well, but nonetheless noted that there are some cases where the needs of the parties and justice dictate a more comprehensive hearing with Beecham style test applied. When analyzing the Lord Diplockà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rationale behind the Cyanamid test it appears that he tried to ensure the speedy review of the injunction applications and to prevent the occurrence of unnecessary à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“mini-trialsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  burdening the court system (Series 5 Software Ltd v Clarke[10]). Some commentators argue that he went too far in setting out very precise rules on assessing the strength of partiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ cases, the potential harm to the parties despite alternative legal resorts and availability of undertakings in relation to payments of damages, which was limiting the exercise of the courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s discretion to do justice[11]. In order to ensure the equitable treatment of all cases, courts tended either to side-step the Cyanamid test or create exceptions to it. It was distinguished in Bryanston Finance Ltd v de Vries (No 2)[12] by the Court of Appeal, which decided that the Cyanamid test was inapplicable to injunction application to prevent presentation of winding up petition. Keay in his article[13] provides a number of further examples of exceptions, such as cases where fraud is involved (Alfred Dunhill Ltd v Sunoptics[14]) and those relating to the right to publish an article or the transmission of a television programme where time is of the essence (Cambridge Nutrition Ltd v BBC[15]), mandatory injunctions applications (De Falco v Crawley BC[16]) and employment and industrial disputes (Attorney-General v Punch Ltd[17]). Interestingly, one of the exceptions was introduced by Lord Diplo ck himself in NWL Ltd v Woods[18] where he accepted that the Cyanamid test should not be adhered to if the interim hearing was going to be decisive and final. This is a very important exception as Lord Denning M.R. in Fellowes Son v Fisher[19] mentioned that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“after a decision on an interim injunction application the matter goes no further in 99 out of 100 casesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [20]. Besides the exceptions, it appears that the courts in some cases felt that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“prima facieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  test worked better and in Fellowes Son v Fisher[21] Browne LJ was particularly concerned that it was not possible to consider the balance of convenience fairly and equitably without taking into account the merits of the case[22]. On another note, Meagher argued that it is doubtful that the damages can actually be adequate in cases where the remedy of injunction is sought[23]. Indeed, the injunction is generally applied for in specific, sometimes extreme, cases to prevent the applicantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s potential hardship, undermining of its reputation, loss of its customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ trust or loss of its business relationships and it is hard to imagine how the damages can be adequate if any of the above happens. Again, this should all be left to the courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s discretion in order to allow it to do what is just and equitable. Recent considerations Since the introduction of the Civil Procedure Rules and the ensuing change of approach towards the case management, it is claimed that the Cyanamid test is not as critical as it once was, mainly because the Rules place, among other things, greater emphasis on identifying and resolving issues likely to go to hearing as early as possible[24]. In addition, following the implementation of the Human Rights Act 1998, the court in Cream Holdings Ltd v Chumki Bannerjee The Liverpool Daily Post Echo Ltd[25] held that the Cyanamid test is no longer applicable to injunction a pplication relating to the freedom of expression[26]. Conclusion The Cyanamid test is a good example of the battle happening in the courts on the most equitable methods to be used to decide the interim injunctionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s application, which are generally either on the merits of the case (the prima facie case) or on the balance of convenience (the serious question). It was argued that some bits of the Cyanamid test were considered too rigid and limiting the courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s discretion in doing justice. As a result, whilst the Cyanamid test was acknowledged and in some cases followed by the courts, it has been frequently either avoided or subject to various exceptions, altogether with ensuing criticism and academic debate. Following the introduction of the Civil Procedure Rules, the Cyanamid test seem to have lost its edge and the Human Rights Act 1998 disapplied its application to the cases involving freedom of expression. However, at the end of the day, the Cyanamid test should not be treated à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“as rules but only as guidelinesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [27]. As such, they seek to bring more flexibility rather than limit the discretion given to the court by equity (R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame Ltd[28]). Bibliography Meagher R et al, Equity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Doctrines Remedies, 4th ed., LexisNexis Butterworths, Charswood, 2002 McGhee J, Snellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Equity, 31st ed., Sweet Maxwell, London, 2005 Spry I, The Principles of Equitable Remedies: Specific Performance, Injunctions, Rectification and Equitable Damages, 7th ed., Sweet Maxwell, London, 2007 Cumming G, The Use of English Civil Procedure in order to Enforce European Competition Law, Civil Justice Quarterly, 25, 2006, 99-112 Keay A, Whither American Cyanamid?: Interim Injunctions in the 21st Century, Civil Justice Quarterly, 23, 2004, 133-151 1 Footnotes [1] [1975] AC 396 [2] American Cyanamid Co v Ethicon Ltd [1975] AC 396, at 408, per Lord Diplock [3] Cayne v Global Natural Resources Plc [1984] 1 All ER 225 [4] Meagher R et al, Equity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Doctrines Remedies, 4th ed., LexisNexis Butterworths, Charswood, 2002, p.779 [5] [1984] AC 130 [6] [1980] 1 WLR 1252 [7] (1968) 118 CLR 618 [8] [1979] F.S.R. 337, at 365 [9] [1979] F.S.R. 208 [10] [1996] 1 All E.R. 853 [11] Spry I, The Principles of Equitable Remedies: Specific Performance, Injunctions, Rectification and Equitable Damages, 7th ed., Sweet Maxwell, London, 2007, p.466 [12] [1976] Ch 63 [13] Keay A, Whither American Cyanamid?: Interim Injunctions in the 21st Century, Civil Justice Quarterly, 23, 2004, 133-151, p.139 [14] [1979] F.S.R. 337 at 363 [15] [1990] 3 All E.R. 523 at 534 [16] [1980] 1 Q.B. 460, CA [17] [2003] 1 A.C. 1046 [18] [1979] 1 W.L.R. 1294 at 1306 [19] [1976] Q.B. 122 [20] ibid, at 133 [21] [1976] QB 122 [22] ibid, p.139 [23] Meagher R et al, Equity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Doctrines Remedies, 4th ed., LexisNexis Butterworths, Charswood, 2002, p.780 [24] Keay A, Whither American Cyanamid?: Interim Injunctions in the 21st Century, Civil Justice Quarterly, 23, 2004, 133-151, p.151 [25] [2003] 2 All E.R. 318 [26] This is because s.12 of the Human Rights Act 1998, which incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into English law, provides that no relief, including injunction, restraining the freedom of expression à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“is to be granted so as to restrain the publication before trial unless the court is satisfied that the applicant is likely to establish that publication should be allowedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . In these circumstances, the Cyanamid test would be unsuitable (Cumming G, The Use of English Civil Procedure in order to Enforce European Competition Law, Civil Justice Quarterly, 25, 2006, 99-112, p.107 ). [27] Cayne v Global Natural Resourc es plc [1984] 1 All ER 225 at 237 [28] [1991] 1 AC 396